Good quality, nutritious food is important to everyone wanting a healthy lifestyle and can also help children and young people to harness their full educational potential and it has been researched that a lifelong pattern for healthy eating is something that is developed at a young age.
Over the years the Government, local authorities and schools have spent significant time researching the issues surrounding school food and various initiatives such as the nutritional standards for school food have been introduced. A lot of schools has invested significantly in their catering facilities and offerings and much has been written in the media about school dinners and the quality of food on offer to the younger generation across the UK.
Overall, there is a growing desire to raise the nutritional standards of the school food offering, including snacks and drinks available at school, to increase the number of children eating school meals, to improve the quality of the diet and to promote a greater understanding of how food has a wider effect on the life of an individual child whilst at school, and throughout their lives.
A question of balance
It is however not always just about the food as the challenge for all schools is to meet the above lifestyle changes whilst balancing the books and it is not a straightforward proposal.
Thankfully, as a result of Government initiatives there have been regulations introduced to set out the standards for school lunches which include:
- Certain food items such as processed ‘economy’ burgers are now banned
- Deep fried products have been limited to twice a week
- More fruit and vegetables, better quality meat products and healthier drinks are now available
Changing food service operations
There have also been some significant changes to the way that the school catering operation works with it no longer simply being a lunchtime service in many schools.
Demand is such that schools now see themselves offering a breakfast service, more foods are being sourced locally and prepared on site, kiosks and cafeterias are now seen together, lunch periods have been reviewed and in some cases staggered, and healthy food options such as salad bars have been introduced and become more of a regular feature.
A commercial approach
Many schools now have a commercial approach to food service provision and have been forced to take a strategic view on improving the kitchen, training staff, sourcing food and running the cafeteria which all lead to improvements in the process and it has helped to transform the way that the equipment is sourced and used as a result.
Food preparation, eating and even waste management are now integrated as part of the lessons for life embedded in daily school routines.
With commercial pressures on budgets and media pressure being credited for encouraging change, schools now have choices when it comes to catering, for which there are advantages and disadvantages that need to be carefully evaluated:
| In-House Catering |
Contracted-Out Catering |
Local Authority Catering |
Advantages:
- School has total control over the food choices
- More money can be spent on meal provision as no commercial margin needs to be made
- Greater flexibility and menu control
|
Advantages:
- Considerable experience and expertise of the contractors
- Management of the administrative tasks such as recruitment, training, compliance etc borne by others
- Enhanced buying power of the contractor may mean costs are not increased
|
Advantages:
- Can combine benefits of both systems so increasing buying power and reducing the need to make a profit, allowing more money for food
|
Drawbacks:
- Management and resources for the catering function
- Cost
- Regulatory compliance such as health and safety
- Staff issues such as holiday and sickness cover
|
Drawbacks:
- Loss of control over management and menus
- Less flexibility to change due to contractual terms
- Some school staff time may be required to deal with compliance and contract terms
|
Drawbacks:
- Potential loss of relationship with the caterer and therefore personal requests and preferences may not be addressed.
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Source – Schools for the Future, 2007
A well designed kitchen is key
Given the fact that all food served at the school comes from the kitchen, it is vitally important that the kitchen is well designed and laid out to help the delivery of a high quality food offering. An ergonomic layout is essential to this with key areas such as delivery, storage, food preparation, cooking, plating up, washing up and staff areas being clearly defined.
The key components of a good kitchen layout include:
- Effective, functional layout to allow staff to operate effectively and efficiently
- Good lighting
- Good ventilation and extraction to ensure regulatory compliance as well as a good working environment
- Suitable equipment that is maintained and looked after
- Access for the delivery of food and equipment
Given the change in dietary demands there have been changes in the equipment used by schools and items such as the deep fat fryer are used to a much lesser extent than they were a decade ago. There has been a growing introduction of combination ovens which provide consistent results and mass catering opportunities and there are still requirements for good quality refrigerators, freezers and cold rooms, bratt pans, food processors and mixers too.
Presentation is vital too
For the food to be presented in the best way the school kitchen needs to have the right way to present and serve the food to the pupils and staff as quickly and efficiently as possible. People have a limited amount of time and do not want to spend too much time in a queue so what is important are:
- Attractive food display and presentation units
- Healthy food display options such as fruit bowls and salad bars
- Efficient layout for speed of service
- Self-service
- Space to allow for queues to the servery and to the till
Food servery options have changed a great deal in recent years with ambient, heated and refrigerated displays now designed specifically for the school sector. Many are available in bright colours and modern design to enhance the way that the food is presented and to encourage the consumption of the healthier options too.
The image of the old school canteen has also been overhauled with the introduction of great products to enhance the dining room and add to the overall dining experience. Durable and high quality tables and chairs which can be used by the school at other times of the day are available and products can be mixed-and-matched to allow different layouts but simple things that do need to be given careful consideration are lighting, space and adequate storage for furniture when the dining hall is used for other purposes too.
School food for the future will continue to evolve
As the range of food on offer within the UK as a whole continues to expand, so will the diversity of food on offer in schools continue to change. One thing is for sure, schools will need to continue to review the provision of meals and the needs of their pupils and respond accordingly if healthy eating and lifestyle choices are to be made.
Catering managers and chefs in schools face a constant challenge to balance the potential from the kitchen with the food service needs but there are definite changes taking place and over time this will undoubtedly continue and in the longer term contribute to improving the healthy lifestyles of the current generation of children in our schools.
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